A provisional learner driver may drive a vehicle only when:

A provisional learner driver is someone who is still in the process of learning how to drive and does not yet have a full driver's license. To ensure safety and proper guidance while they gain experience, the regulations stipulate that a learner driver must be accompanied by a licensed person who has sufficient driving experience. This experienced individual can provide essential guidance, support, and supervision, helping the learner understand road rules, develop driving skills, and respond to various driving situations effectively.

Driving alone on the road is not permitted because this could lead to potentially dangerous situations if the learner encounters difficulties. While having any adult passenger might seem beneficial, it does not fulfill the requirement for instruction and guidance that a licensed and experienced driver can provide. Additionally, being accompanied by another provisional license holder would not offer the necessary experience or mentorship that a fully licensed driver would bring. Thus, having a licensed person with experience is vital for the safety and development of the provisional learner driver.